The Ethical Issues That Plague The Art World - 932 Words

What is visual art? Visual art refers to the expression of creativity through mixed media, installation art, paintings, and sculptures. Visual art is an important component of humanity because it evokes an emotional response from its viewers. An artist may be a child, a street bomber or me. A true artist has the ability to create and evoke an emotional connection with an individual or a group through a piece of art. Visual art involves a range of interpersonal and societal perceptions that broadens our experience and understanding of the world in which we live. Art also bridges the gap between cultural beliefs, practices and religion, and allows us to see ourselves, as well as, our community through a different lens. It enables us to imagine the unimaginable. However, the art community and its stakeholders need to consider the ethical issues that plague the art world. Ethics are the principles that guide an individual’s choice, while; ethical practices are rights and obligations that lead to the best possible outcome. In the art world ethics is based on accountability and trust. Therefore, I will take a glimpse at three categories, and expose the ethical issues from each category and describe the stakeholders’ dilemma. I will examine the cause and effects of communal responses toward art museums, public display of art, and art dealers and buyers. Ethics, Art, and Museums: This portion of the paper will reflect the ethical issues of public museums. PublicShow MoreRelatedPlagiarism : School College Of Health Science840 Words   |  4 PagesRunning head: PLAGIARISM 1 PLAGIARISM 2 Plagiarism Robert Blakley Baptist College of Health Science Abstract The paper analyzes the existing ethical academic dilemma of applying plagiarism within diverse academic works by students in general and nursing students in particular. It presents particular examples of well-known plagiarism cases and allows properly evaluating the reasons and ways of avoiding any acts of intentional and unintentional plagiarism. It emphasizes the necessityRead MoreMaster Filmaker Akira Kurosawa1250 Words   |  5 Pagesfilmmaking are deeply impressed by the level of Kurosawas vision and his numerous film achievements. Also, the universal themes of ethics; and the humanism of Akira Kurosawas films made him a fantastic representation of Japans cultural reshaping post World War II. Mr. Kurosawas work is not confined by politics, age, or gender, but is shaped by the challenges of existence and being human. Born in 1910 to a family of samurai background; formally trained as a painter and deeply influenced by his brotherRead MoreThe Role of the Black Death in the Decline of Feudalism Essay2063 Words   |  9 Pagesendured. During the late 1340’s a plague fostered in Europe and began to take effect onto the feudal system in place. This plague was known as the Black Death and has been depicted as the most influential and devastating natural disaster that occurred in Western Europe. It swept over Western Europe in an extremely short time period, attacking not one particular person or group and devastated the region by killing one-third to half of the population. The plague caused such a dramatic loss in theRead MorePlagiarism And The Reasons College Students1618 Words   |  7 Pagesan unstable â€Å"solution†. It will also present alternative ideas to learning and measures to limit the need that students feel for plagiarism and promote personal creativity. Not only do we see this moral plague in academics, but in many other fields, such as entertainment, art, and the written world. Thus it can be explained as receiving an ownership on someone’s work without their permission and wit hout giving any credit to them intentionally or unintentionally. While I maintain this position, professorsRead MoreShould Any Limits Be Placed on Scientific Developments?1878 Words   |  8 Pages powered by his imagination and inquisitive character, has wondered he mechanisms of Nature since time infinite. This quest for the truth, the ways in which his surrounding works, has led to many a scientific discoveries and innovations. Since the art of making fire and creating handcrafted tools, our civilization has come a long way. Science and Technology are making advances at an amazing rate. From telephones to the Internet, calculators to computers, cars to rockets and satellites, we are submergedRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Strategies of War Planning and Business Planning. What Internal (Micro) and External (Macro) Environmental Factors or Forces Are Considered Important for the Success of Planning in Business and War?3106 Words   |  13 Pagesstrategies to plan and guide the direction of a business or the military operation. The premise r egarding the issue of strategies of war planning or business planning hinges on the use of these characteristics. The first critical element of leadership (military or business planning) is ethics. â€Å"Ethics is a set of values and rules that define right and wrong conduct.† Although ethical values may vary for the leader in a business as compared to a military organization, the core expectationsRead MoreAp World History Units 1-3 Study Guide Essay4374 Words   |  18 Pagescommunities 8. Conditions for women in Mesopotamia * Grew increasingly worse over time 9. The division of the ancient people into social and gender hierarchies was first made possible by * Rise in agricultural production 10. Ethical monotheism was the tradition of the * Hebrews 11. Hammurabi’s code was based on the concept of â€Å"lex talionis† but the punishments were shaped by * The social standing of the accused 12. The Hittites who were the most influentialRead More Benifits Of Technology Essay example2999 Words   |  12 Pagespowered by his imagination and inquisitive character, has wondered he mechanisms of Nature since time infinite. This quest for the truth, the ways in which his surrounding works, has led to many a scientific discoveries and innovations. Since the art of making fire and creating handcrafted tools, our civilization has come a long way. Science and Technology are making advances at an amazing rate. From telephones to the Internet, calculators to computers, cars to rockets and satellites, we are submergedRead MoreEssay about HIV Vaccine Clinical Trials: The Standard of Care Debate 1827 Words   |  8 Pages In recent years, there has been much effort devoted to developing an effective vaccine against HIV-1. The vaccine clinical trials are typically held in these developing countries where HIV-1 prevalence is highest. The dilemma that continues to plague vaccine trials in developing countries pertains to the standard of care that should be provided to the participants who inevitably become infected with HIV-1 during the trial (Bloom, 1998). This standard of care debate revolved around topics suchRead MoreThe Benefits of Science and Technology3197 Words   |  13 Pagesby his imagination and inquisitive character, h as wondered he mechanisms of Nature since time infinite. This quest for the truth, the ways in which his surrounding works, has led to many a scientific discoveries and innovations. br brSince the art of making fire and creating handcrafted tools, our civilization has come a long way. Science and Technology are making advances at an amazing rate. From telephones to the Internet, calculators to computers, cars to rockets and satellites, we are submerged

Essay on The Benefits of Foreign Aid - 1625 Words

An enlarged, long-term program of economic assistance to the peoples of Free Asia, the Middle East, Africa, and Latin America is justified on this positive and constructive basis; it is in the interest of the United States that we and our children live in a world of independent, open societies, each developing its own version of political democracy...our enemy is poverty, despair, stagnation and the fear that only totalitarian methods can lift a poor agrarian society into sustained growth. Our task is to demonstrate in this generation that economic growth and human liberty can evolve hand in hand. President John Fitzgerald Kennedy, 1961 President John F. Kennedy established the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) in†¦show more content†¦There are many Americans who live in poor conditions, and the United States should consider their needs first before considering the needs of foreign people. The destitute and penniless Americans have priority over the destitute and penniless foreigners. According to Senator Jesse Helms, Weve reached a place in our foreign policy that we need to concentrate on whats good for America and stop this business of handling out money to gonernments all over the world. Americas first priority should be towards the citizens of its nation. Tens of thousands of Americans are losing their jobs. In some states theres no gasoline for school buses, and rural children are staying at home. In many of Americas cities, water and sewer systems are cracking with age; whole sections of cities are beginning to look like sets for post-nuclear war films. Dangerous toxic-watse dumps remain dangerous because there is no money to clean them up. Too many Americans are hurting. (Reese A22) Another reason for not providing foreign is is due to the overpopulation of the world. There are too many people and not enough food to feed them with. The number of people outstrip the food supply, and helping them will only prolong their agony. According to John Harpers, author of What Libertarianism Is, Population growth is outstripping food production, ... the more people who are saved the more misery there will be in the long run. TheShow MoreRelatedForeign Aid Benefit Or Impairs A State Within The International Community1324 Words   |  6 Pages Elicia Alvarado 100244931 This essay will be discussing if Foreign Aid benefits or impairs a state within the international community. Foreign aid is essential for many states to survive. Foreign aid is a policy that highly developed countries (HDC’s), offer a range of support to less developed countries (LDC’s). There are many forms of aid from HDC’s. For example, the Marshall Plan was an American initiative enacted during World War II. This plan was developed to elevate statesRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages Giving Aid1521 Words   |  7 Pagesto (Andrew Page, 2005) Foreign Aid or Official Development Assistance (ODA) is a transfer of resources on concessional terms which are undertaken by official agencies. Mostly, the countries that receive foreign aid are usually developing countries. Poverty is the main focus of giving the foreign aid. This situation always happened to many countries due to the conditions where the people live and from that it will show the quality of living is poor among the people. Foreign aid is given to poor countriesRead MoreForeign Assistance For Foreign Aid1523 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough foreign aid has been going on for hundreds of years, it still remains a controversial topic. Many people have debated whether or not it actually either helps or harms nations. Foreign aid can help undeveloped states by providing education and health care. However, a drawback to foreign aid is that it can cause countries to become dependent and lead to corruption. Foreign aid is effective when countries don t try to use foreign aid for their own benefit and when coordination and accountabilityRead More What Foreign Aid Is Essay1730 Words   |  7 PagesWhat Foreign Aid Is There are two words that many politicians like to shy away from, and those two words are, foreign aid. Taking a firm stand on either side of this topic is usually side stepped by decision makers. Their opinions are usually based on a case by case analysis. This extremely controversial topic involves whether or not to support the policy of foreign aid to needy or sometimes not so needy countries. What benefits does foreign aid have for the countries that receive itRead MoreA Survey Report On The World s Big Brother1741 Words   |  7 Pagesagreement with this attitude,This attitude has led many people to support the idea of an â€Å"Americans first† policy. Why send aid to governments that might even hate us when we can spend that money on our own poor? As Americans, and especially as Americans in the midwest, the violence and poverty that we hear about everyday is very distant, so we may misunderstand what foreign aid really means. Many of us don’t have ties to that hemisphere of the world. Try: â€Å"However, we are not immune from the experiencesRead MoreForeign Aid : A Long Track Record928 Words   |  4 PagesHelp Or Hindrance Foreign aid has a long track record. The biggest upside appears to be the injection of large sums of money into developing countries otherwise gripped by poverty, war and conflict. In theory, the funds should improve lives and raise people out of poverty, leading to sustainable growth and development. The unfortunate truth, however, is that foreign aid has often presented more challenges than opportunities to aid recipients. Aid has been mandated by government versus relying solelyRead MoreControversy Over the United States Providing Developmental Aid1190 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout history and present day times, many countries such as Germany, France, and Canada have provided assistance and aid to underdeveloped countries to help alleviate poverty. The United States itself issues aid to developing countries which include Israel, Afghanistan, Nigeria, and Ethiopia; this has been an American practice since 1947 after World War II. During the time period from 1947 to 1949 the Uni ted States, under the Marshall Plan, provided both financial and technical assistance toRead MoreThe World Enters A Globalized Age Essay1151 Words   |  5 Pagestheir own, and aid from a greater international power can make a large difference in the economy and livelihood of developing countries. The United States, annually, donates somewhere between $30-50 billion to foreign aid, in an effort to help those nations that find themselves torn by war, disease, poverty, a lack of education, and a myriad of other problems. The question becomes one of what role does the United States play in foreign affairs, particularly that concerning foreign aid, and whetherRead MoreThe United States Should Stop Sending Aid For Foreign Countries Essay1291 Words   |  6 Pageshave different views, but they both had the same opinion that the United States should stop sending aid to foreign countries. In this essay my view is that the United States should stop sending aid to foreign countries. I will defend my view against poverty by discussing Garret Hardin and, James Shikwati views on poverty, and how the United States and other countries will benefit from not sending aid. Garret Hardin mentions environmentalists use the metaphor of Earth as a spaceship. People persuadeRead MoreReducing The Amount Of Foreign Aid Essay1416 Words   |  6 Pagesreduce the United States national debt include cutting foreign aid, reducing federal department spending, and eliminating tax breaks for the wealthy. First, cutting foreign aid, not completely, and only by half will eliminate 17 billion in spending. Reducing the amount of foreign aid does not necessarily mean depriving developing countries of resources they are dependent on. The perceived obligation for the United States to provide foreign aid may be reduced by greater donations from other countries

Acct 574 Case Study 1 - 1093 Words

THE PARMALAT SCANDAL The Parmalat situation started out as a fairly standard – although sizeable –accounting fraud. Not even the best auditors could prepare for what was to come from this company. The Parmalat group, a world leader in the dairy food business, collapsed and entered bankruptcy protection in December 2003 after acknowledging massive holes in its financial statements. This happened when billions of euros seem to have gone missing from the company’s accounts. This dramatic collapse has led to the questioning of the soundness of accounting and financial reporting standards as well as of the Italian corporate governance system. Parmalat, which is headquartered in the central Italian city of Parma, was, like most Italian†¦show more content†¦Most of the money that moved in, around and out of the company has since been traced, although the final destination of some of it is still unknown. Tanzi has admitted transferring some â‚ ¬500 million to family firms, but investigators say that up to â‚ ¬1.3 billion may have gone this route. Tanzi was sentenced to 10 years in prison for fraud relating to the collapse of the dairy group. The other seven defendants, including executives and bankers, were acquitted. Another eight defendants settled out of court in September 2008. In September 2009, three lawsuits by Parmalat Capital Finance Ltd. and Enrico Bondi, CEO of Parmalat, against Bank of America and auditors Grant Thornton, were dismissed. In an attempt to downplay the extent to which corruption and fraud have penetrated to the heart of global capitalism, commentators have seized on the fact that many of Parmalat’s former top executives are related to claim that the scandal is simply a case of a â€Å"family firm† failing to adhere to good corporate governance practices. Not surprisingly, Parmalat’s top executives are going along with this story, insisting they were only acting â€Å"under orders† from the padrone. The scandal, however, has engulfed other major firms. There are the accounting firms—Grant Thornton and Deloitte and Touche, and the banks—Citicorp and Bank of America. Citicorp is directly linked to the $1.5Show MoreRelatedSamsung and Financial Crisis Case Study11108 Words   |  45 Pagesdownloaded without charge from the Social Science Research Network electronic http://ssrn.com/abstract=1605782 1 Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1605782 1 Brand Attachment and Brand Attitude Strength: Conceptual and Empirical Differentiation of Two Critical Brand Equity Drivers May 12, 2010 C. Whan Park Joseph A. DeBell Professor of Marketing ACCT 306C Marshall School of Business University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA 90089-0403 Phone: 213-740-7107;Read MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesCross Reference of Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) Concepts to Text Topics Chapter 1 Modern Project Management Chapter 8 Scheduling resources and cost 1.2 Project defined 1.3 Project management defined 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 2.1 The project life cycle (.2.3) App. G.1 The project manager App. G.7 Political and social environments F.1 Integration of project management processes [3.1] 6.5.2 Setting a schedule baseline [8.1.4] 6.5.3.1 Setting a resource schedule 6.5.2.4 ResourceRead MoreCma Solutions63195 Words   |  253 Pagesselection of problems and cases as well as their solutions, most of which focus on a few related topics. Some, however, are teaching cases that integrate several Syllabus topics. You are cautioned that the set of illustrative questions in this material does not cover the entire range of Syllabus requirements. It would be a mistake to conclude that in the next CMA Entrance Examination the omitted topics are less important or less likely to occur than any other. CMA Canada 1 Entrance ExaminationRead MoreQuality Improvement328284 Words   |  1314 PagesSons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201)748-6011, fax (201)748-6008, E-mail: PERMREQ@WILEY.COM. To order books or for customer service, call 1-800-CALL-WILEY(225-5945). Montgomery, Douglas, C. Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, Sixth Edition 978-0-470-16992-6 Printed in the United States of America. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 About the Author Douglas C. Montgomery is Regents’ Professor of Industrial Engineering and Statistics and the Arizona State University Foundation ProfessorRead MoreCost Accounting134556 Words   |  539 PagesSolutions Manual for COST ACCOUNTING Creating Value for Management Fifth Edition MICHAEL MAHER University of California, Davis Table of Contents Chapter 1 Cost Accounting: How Managers User Cost Accounting Information Chapter 15 Using Differential Analysis for Production Decisions Chapter 2 Cost Concepts and Behaviour Chapter 16 Managing Quality and Time Chapter 3 Cost System Design: An Overview Chapter 17 Planning and Budgeting Chapter 4 Job Costing Chapter

Cyber-Community and Cyber-Identity-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Cyber-Community and Cyber-Identity. Answer: Undoubtedly one of the greatest inventions in the history of Mankind has been the internet as the ease through which any regular person is able to access it. The way in which people interacted and communicated has been indeed radically changed by the introduction of internet where even telecommunication is possible. The internet which had initially been invented for military used has in the contemporary world become became a general feature of almost all computer devices around the world. As the internet can be easily and widely accessed it has become a significant influence on the society and its individuals. I did not have much knowledge about the significance of cyberidentity and cybercommunity in the contemporary world. In had a perception that cyberidentity and cybercommunity are moderate in nature and do not possess any significant harm to the society. People have been provided a new platform through which they can express their views and find people who have similar perspectiv es as it would be difficult for them to do such activities easily without the use of the internet. According to Roberts Indermaur and Spiranovic (2013) cyber identity or Internet identity is a sort of social identity which uses of the Internet create an established in online websites and communities. Nakamura and Chow (2013) define cyber identity as the actively portrait presentation of one's personality. I thought that people always choose their real names to establish their Internet identity however in reality Internet users also prefer to be using different names and be anonymous through identifying themselves using pseudonyms unrevealing only certain kind of information through which personality can be identified. The relationship of the user with certain social group which they are a part of online can also be used to identify the server identity of a person. Through detailed study on cyber identity I got the knowledge that some people can also be deceptive in relation to their identity on the Internet. In few online context such as online chats massive multiplayer online gam es Internet forums Internet users Virtually represent themselves by selecting an avatar which is a graphical image size of icon. Choosing search avatars maybe a certain kind of way through which the Internet identity is established. Whether or not The Identity established over the Internet can be trusted is derived from the interaction of such identity with other users. The association of Cyber identity and community is mostly through authentication which generally needs login and registration. Tracking cookies and IP address are also used by a few websites to identify users. The principles in relation to Cyber identity and how emerging Technology influences it is a subject area of research in feels like psychology Sociology and education. One of the notable examples is the online this inhibition effect which refers to the concept of uninhibited and advise behavior over the Internet which establishes through audience gratification and anonymity. The Internet provides a space to the users through which they have the possibility of exposing and expressing their identities in a social context. For instance identity is defined by people through creation of user profiles in social networking sites like Twitter LinkedIn or Facebook. More tactic identities are defined when the individuals by providing opinions and blogs over search social networking sites. There may be a certain issues related to privacy with the disclosure of cyber identity. Strategies are adopted by many people through which they can control the disclosure of their personal identity over the Internet. Some of these strategies require significant investment of efforts. Carpenter, Steeves and Abzarian (2016) states that many questions have been raised among academic after the emergence of online identity concept. The concept of Identity have been complicated by online avatars and social networking services. A domain of scholarly research have been created by academ y for responding to such emerging trends such as technoself studies which emphasizes on technological societies and human identity. In the book building virtual communities Druckenmiller and Mittleman (2015) have explored online identity emphasizing on the concept of masking identity. It has been pointed out by then that a Mask of their identity is portrayed by individuals when way interact in social space. The situation is of no difference in online sites and become increasingly pronounced because of decisions Di mistake in relation to their online profiles. They have to answer specific questions in relation to user name address gender age and so on. In addition where once online identity has accrued The Mask of such person is defined by the way in which they write choose topic and vocabulary. The type of mass which is elected by a person over the Internet reviews little about the subject who has selected the mask. This might be called buy one as a metaphor of the mask. The actual identity of the person is not revealed by the online mask. However some hints of what actually lies behind the mask are revealed by i t. For instance weather person selects to act like a cricketer the metaphor would you be an interest in cricket. Where a person refers to hide behind the cyber identity it reveals about that lack of self-esteem and fear behind the false mask (Nakamura 2013). By studying the above literature my perspective about cyber community and cyber identity significantly changed. There is a deep study in relation to the identification of human beings which have recently emphasized on Internet identity. Just like people use a mask in the society they also do it over the Internet to portray themselves as one which they are not. Some people also use Internet identity to indulge in criminal activities and hide the real identity so that they can avoid being caught. I also got to know that the mask which people use with respect to Cyber identity and community they will something about the actual personality. Strategies are adopted by many people through which they can control the disclosure of their personal identity over the Internet. Some of these strategies require significant investment of efforts. A domain of scholarly research have been created by academy for responding to such emerging trends such as technoself studies which emphasizes on technolog ical societies and human identity. I got to know that internet identity is rapidly penetrating the Australian society and taking over the concept of social identity at a great pace. References Roberts, L.D., Indermaur, D. and Spiranovic, C., 2013. Fear of cyber-identity theft and related fraudulent activity.Psychiatry, Psychology and Law,20(3), pp.315-328. Druckenmiller, D.A. and Mittleman, D., 2015, January. A Design Theory for Digital Habitats: Building Virtual Communities of Practice. InSystem Sciences (HICSS), 2015 48th Hawaii International Conference on(pp. 571-580). IEEE. Nakamura, L. and Chow-White, P. eds., 2013.Race after the Internet. Routledge. Nakamura, L., 2013.Cybertypes: Race, ethnicity, and identity on the Internet. Routledge. Carpenter, T.L., Steeves, D. and Abzarian, D., Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc, 2016.Trusted internet identity. U.S. Patent 9,325,705.

Role of Organizational Cultures Performance Value for Employ

Question: What Could Employees Behavior in ORG Cultures Performance ? Answer: Introduction Organizational cultures are accepted norms, shared values and signs that an organization has and employees behave according to them. Culture makes employees to behave in a similar manner that differentiate them from employees of another organization. Organizational culture forms a framework to dictate what is to be done and how it will be done. Culture of an organization develops with time. A culture of an organization can be described as the personality of the organization. Culture defines interactions and loyalty in the organization. Organization culture is influenced by owners, environment of operation, leadership style and the background of employees. Nowadays, organizational cultures are used to increase productivity of employees. Culture is used to shape perception, motivate, enhance attitudes and encourage learning in the organizations. A good culture leads to exceptional employees performance (Ahmad, 2012). It is the role of the management to create and sustain organizational culture that is in line corporate mission and vision. The management outline practices create symbols and endorse rituals that create organizational shared stories and assumptions becoming the organizations culture. Culture enables the organization to be stable, resolve differences, handle risks and together overcome barriers. The following report will analyze recent research on culture and it role to organizational performance using three journals. The journals will be analyzed simultaneously to understand the differences and similarities in; theoretical perspective, definitions, methodologies of research, results and interpretation of the study of culture and organization performance. The report will also outline application of the study in my place of work. Discussion The journals used in this discussion are; (1) The impact of organizational culture on organizational performance by Nikpour (2017), (2) The impact of organizational culture on management practices and by Ahmad (2012) and (3) The influence of organizational citizenship behavior to organizational performance by Mohanty and Rath (2012). These articles have research that has been conducted to study culture in the organization and it influence on performance. The following the comparison of the three articles; Similarities of the Articles Definitions: Mohanty and Rath (2012) defines organizational culture has a framework of shared attributes that an organization poses and determine organizational success. They added that organizational culture can either be strong or weak or can be used as a tool to give an organization a competitive advantage. In addition, Mohanty and Rath added that organizational culture dictates employees citizenship behavior and this determine the long term effectiveness in the organization performance. Ahmad (2012) defines organizational culture as a contextual factor in the organization of management practices that creates shared value, mission, involvement and adaptability for the business performance. Ahmad emphasis culture as part of management practices that is fundamental to organizing and leading in an organization by instituting jointly related mode of conduct. Nikpour (2017) defines organizational culture has shared principles, beliefs, values by members in an organization. He states th at organizational culture is as a result of; shared history, technology, mission and management style and country of origin. These factors create shared mental assumptions that give members of a particular organization to interpret and react in a certain way. From these definitions, it clear that there is similarity in implying that culture has to be a shared behavior in and organization. Methods: The three journal article uses the same data collection method. They use questionnaires to collect primary data from organizations. The questionnaires were designed to collect behavioral traits practiced in the organization and the response/ action that members take (Mohanty and Rath, 2012). The articles selected a sample size that they have used to carry out an organizational culture survey. Both research focused on cultural traits in the organizational and their impact to organizational performance in terms of effectiveness and efficiency. Results: Nikpour (2017) found that organizational culture was correlated to organizational performance. He found that a positive organizational culture contributed to increased performance in an organization. Organizational culture was found to be having an impact on employees commitment to the organizational mission, involvement and strategies. Mohanty and Rath (2012) found that there is a correlated between the organizational culture and organizational citizenship. The result also showed that there is a correlation between the organization commitment and organizational performance. Ahmad (2012) found that there was a positive correlation between organizational culture and the management practices in an organization. He also found that there was correlation between the organizational cultural traits and organizational strategies, missions and objectives as implemented by the management. From the results of the three articles, it shows that there is a correlation between organizational culture, organizational citizenship and management practices and organizational performance. Interpretation: Ahmad (2012) interpreted his results of the research that all variables of organizational cultural traits have to be positive for organizational performance. He stated that management practices were complimentary to organizational culture. He concluded that the human resource management practices have impact on the organizational culture and therefore having effects on the organizational performance. Nikpour (2017) interpreted him finding that a relationship do exist between organizational culture, employee commitment and organizational performance. The results were interpreted that organizational culture has positive effect to employee willingness to organizational commitment. Organizational commitment leads to effectiveness and efficient that leads to increased employee performance in the organization. Nikpour (2017) concluded that employees commitment to organizational performance can be changed by designing or redesigning the organizational culture. Mohanty and Ra th (2012) interpreted their results that organizational culture inculcated organizational citizenship. Organizational culture impacted on employees citizenship behavior in the organization. They concluded that organizational culture is nurtured and should be based in the citizenship behaviors to enable commitment to the organizational performance. They viewed organizational culture to having a possibility to be strengthened and this can lead to improved organizational citizenship behaviors in the organization (Nikpour, 2017). Therefore, organizational culture shape organization citizenship behavior that increase commitment to organizational goals and objectives. From the result interpretation of the three journal articles, it similar that organizational culture was found and interpreted as a sharper of employees commitment, involvement, consistency and values of conduct in the organization. It also similar that organizational culture shapes behavioral traits in the organization that impact on the organizational performance. Differences of the articles Definitions: Mohanty and Rath (2012) emphasized that organization culture as a framework that forms basis for improving organizational effectiveness. The definition focuses on how organization culture shape organizational citizenship behaviors that leads to commitment to organizational performance. This is different to Nikplour (2017) who defined culture has the collection of shared beliefs, values and principles to employees who share organizational history, strategies , management style and country culture. Nikpour (2017) specified that organizational culture was shared assumptions that shaped interpretation and actions in the organization. On the other side, Ahmad (2012) definition was differentiated by the contextual factor that he attributed to organizational culture. He outlined that organizational culture has to be shared assumptions by both management and employees in the workplace. He recognizes organizational culture as shapeable and designable tool for sustained tool of in stituting change. Methods: Mohanty and Rath (2012) carried out a qualitative research to collect and analyze employee perceptions in the workplace. The research used a three varied scale of rating on the organizational culture and behavior on yes, no and cannot answer. The research was designed to collect employees perceptions on the study of organizational culture and organizational citizenship to organizational effectiveness. The research used a sample size of 344 employees from three different organizations operating in different Industries. Mohanty and Rath (2012) research used measure of central tendency and inter-correlations of the variables to analyze the data collected. Nikpour (2017) research was a descriptive research. The research used a sample size of 190 persons who were selected using Cochrans formula. The questionnaires used in the research were based on Likert Scale. The scale ranged from 1 to 5. Nikpour (2017) used SPSS and AMOS software to analyze the data collected. Ahmad (2012) st udy was an explanatory research design. The research used 60 em0ployees using random sampling technique. The Likert Scale was used to measure data collected by questionnaires. Data was analyzed by use of Pearson correlation that showed degree of linearity of the variables. One-Way ANOVA was also used to determine significance of relationships of the variables. Theoretical perspectives: Ahmad (2012) hypothesized that organizational culture plays a significant positive relationship with practices of performance management. He also hypothesized that organizational traits of involvements, adaptability lead to positive significant influence on practices of performance management. Nikpour (2017) hypothesized that organizational cultures do have an effect on organizational performance. Secondly, he hypothesized that organizational culture impacts organizational commitment to the employee. Lastly, he hypothesized that organizational members commitment has impact on the performance of the organization. Mohanty and Rath (2012) hypothesized that there is positive relationship between organizational citizenship behavioral traits and organizational culture. They also hypothesized that organizational cultural factors have positive influence organizational citizenship behavior for the performance of tan organization. Reconciliation of the Articles The journal articles have based their studies on different settings. The workplaces used have different requirement and code of conduct. It shows that the organizational culture is attributed to performance and organizations success. The data used for the study based on individual perceptions and therefore the research results are based on perceptions of the employees in the workplace. Though the journals have used different research designs, methodologies and theoretical perceptive, it clear that organizational culture has an impact to performance and plays a center role in the human resource management. Integration of the Articles From the articles studies; organizational culture has an impact to organizational citizenship. Organization culture is shaped or designed to enhance positive organizational citizenship behavior traits in the organization. Organizational citizenship increase employees commitments in the organization by enabling them to be involved, consistent and dedicated to their job. Performance management practices have an impact to the organizational culture by creating objectives, instituting missions and dictating code of conduct. Therefore, organizational culture is an important aspect in an organization for positive significant performance and business success. Application of the Articles The journal synthesis has exposed me in different perspectives of organizational culture. I will apply the knowledge gained in supervising employees in a workplace. I will use performance management practices to create and shape an organizational culture that will increase employees commitment, involvement, consistency and adaptability in order to increase organizational performance. I will also promote organizational citizenship behaviors to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency in the organization. Conclusion From the analysis of three journals about organizational culture and it impact, it can be concluded that culture is at the centre of employees behavior in an organization. Culture can be changed or designed to align with the organizations mission and objectives. Organizational culture also enables managers to increase effectiveness in the organization. Therefore organizational culture has positive significant impact on organizational performance and it the role of the management to shape the culture. References Ahmad, M. (2012). Impact of Organizational Culture on Performance Management Practices. Business Intelligence Journal January Impact Of Organizational Culture, 2012 Vol.5 No.1. Mohanty, J. And Rath, B. (2012). Influence Of Organizational Culture On Organizational Citizenship Behavior: A Three-Sector Study. Global Journal of Business Research, Volume 6, P.Number 1. Nikpour, A. (2017). The impact of organizational culture on organizational performance: The mediating role of employees organizational commitment. International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 6(2017), pp.65-72.

How to Find SSAT Parents Essay Samples

How to Find SSAT Parents Essay SamplesThe SSAT is one of the toughest tests in the U.S. In this article, we will discuss various SSAT parents essay samples which you can find on the internet.First and foremost, if you are going to take the SSAT, you should have some form of writing sample. You don't want to waste time writing a paper only to find out that it doesn't pass. Having a good writing sample will help you achieve your goal of passing the exam.SSAT parent essay samples can be found on the internet. They include: articles, short stories, poetry, and even some newspaper articles. Finding a good one can be a challenge, but there are some easy ones that you can look for.The best thing about many of the parent essays is that they are very brief. This is important, especially if you know that you will not have enough time to write anything else. These kind of essays are also very short, so you should not have a problem finding something to read. If you don't have anything to read, you may still be able to find a couple of newspaper articles or poems.You should try to find a decent sample that you can read before you spend your time creating your own essay. This way, you won't be faced with having to do all of the work yourself. You will also avoid wasting time trying to write a good essay.One of the things that you should take into consideration when looking for SSAT parents essay samples is how many sentences they have. This will help you gauge how much time you will need to finish your assignment. You should also take note of how much of your essay will be a result of your experiences as a parent.Writing a different essay based on your experiences as a parent every day can be quite challenging. Try to do a little research on the topic and see what types of stories and poems people are submitting. When you do, you will know what type of essay to submit.Using these SSAT parents essay samples will be useful, but don't worry about whether or not you get any wri ting done. As long as you follow the guidelines, you should be able to write an essay for the SSAT. Most students find that they write a great essay by following these guidelines.

Movie Yasmin Essay Essay Example

Movie Yasmin Essay Paper ‘Yasmin is remarkable as a film for its cinematic economy: not a scene, shot or speech is wasted. ’ Explore some elements of the film in relation to this statement. The movie Yasmin, released in 2004 and written by the highly acclaimed writer of The Full Monty, Simon Beaufoy, is an impressive drama about what it means to be an Asian-looking Muslim in Britain of the 21st Century. The story is about the young and vivid Yasmin, a woman who tries to succeed, by the skin of her teeth,[1] in the two worlds she grew up in. On the one hand there is her life at home with her believing father and rebellious little brother, for whom she has to mark time as a dutiful Muslim wife until her arranged marriage can be terminated. [2] On the other hand there is her life outside this domesticity, where she is like a fugitive, maintaining a double life as she changes into Western clothes, wins employee of month award at work and goes to the pub with colleagues. [3] One of the main topics of the movie is the difficult tension between being a religious and respectful woman and integrating into the Western society. We will write a custom essay sample on Movie Yasmin Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Movie Yasmin Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Movie Yasmin Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Another important theme in the movie is the impact that the terror attacks in September 2001 had on the British Asian community in Britain. Yasmin’s story therefore deals with a wide range of themes such as discrimination, guilt, and the progress of searching for one’s own identity. It is especially remarkable as a film for its cinematic economy (since) not a scene, shot or speech is wasted. There are no fill-ups in this movie, everything has a meaning. This essay will explore some carefully chosen scenes of the movie concerning its sometimes hidden or masked intention and meaning. It will therefore especially concentrate on the beginning scene, which is regarded as being the strongest part of the film[4]. A closer look at the opening of the film is worth it since every well composed novel or film is creating a deliberate relationship between the beginning and the rest of the movie. It will be examined in the following, that additionally in the case of Yasmin the directors develop a consistency, a pattern of the main themes of the film, in the beginning. Everything is already there in the very first three and a half minutes; things shown in the opening reappear later in the movie; conflicts the film deals with can already be assumed in moves, placements, and pictures. It will be proven that, if taken into account every detail, every shot of the scene, the viewer will already be able to see the whole film in miniature in the beginning. The essay will therefore also have a closer look on what is shown in the opening scene and will then search for coherences and connections throughout the rest of the movie. It will hereby not go through the scene chronologically but will pick up separate shots of it and put them together in categories; although it will start with the first shot to which the viewer is introduced in the movie. When Khalid, Yasmin? s father, lopes over a typical grey English street followed by Nazir, Yasmin? s brother, a few steps behind him, Nazir? s bearing strikes the viewer immediately: the way he creeps a few steps behind his father with the hands in his pockets expresses discouragement, maybe even irritation. He seems to be unhappy with the situation, possibly because it? s too early in the morning, since gentle beams of sunrise just touch the wall behind them; possibly because he dislikes the purpose of their walk. His father, however, hastens to raise this purpose: in his hurry he turns around to see where his son has got to. It becomes clear that it is the father who controls the situation— that he is the leader whom the son has to follow. So apart from the obvious, the authority person walking in front might tell the viewer something about the relation between father and son. One could even go further and suggest it might also tell something about their attitude towards life, about their religion, about the way the head of the family is treated in the Islam faith. The scene therefore implicates the parental respect of which is set value in this family. How important this topic is to Yasmin? s father Khalid becomes more and more clear during the course of the movie: he repeatedly calls for respect towards the parental authority over his children. When Yasmin is complaining about her husband and gives him humiliating names, Khalid reprehends her immediately and stresses his will with a slight slap. He even repudiates Yasmin when she dares to apply for a divorce against his will. So the viewer already gets in this very first scene, in the very first seconds, an initial impression of what domestic life in this family is about: about respect and family ties. The two move on and finally arrive at the mosque, which is gated by a metallic blind. After abandoning their shoes, Nazir and Khalid enter the interior of the mosque; and in doing so they pace over a formidable carpet in a remarkable red. It s admirable how strikingly this little scene influences the movie? s atmosphere: after the grey and dusty outside of the mosque with its bleak stone-walls and metallic blinds covering the entrance, the viewer now gets an impression of the inside; the colourful, bright, shining red carpet. The jump is a quiet astonishing little moment: the greyness outside opposes the bright shining colour of the huge carpet these seemingly little people are crossing (amplified by the way the scene is shot: with bird? eye view). Inside the mosque the viewer gets a sense of richness, a glimpse on the whole tradition, an idea about the Islam faith. The scene is not just remarkable because of its visual orchestration, but also in introducing the viewer to this huge and rich religion and the way it sees the world. Later in the beginning scene there is a shot that shows the grey and grim wall of a Yorkshire stone house in the front, again contrasted by the beautiful outlines of the colourful mosque in the background. The two absolutely different styles of architecture standing next to each other implicate a huge imagery: the mosque as a symbol for the tradition and a stonewall which symbolizes the here and now, indicates how the life of the Muslim people in Great Britain stands side by side with the traditional life of the British natives. This deliberate expression of a coexistence of the two traditions is an expression of crossing cultures at its best in this movie, and at this point of the movie it also stands for a successful integration of the Muslim tradition into the British society. This impression is furthermore stressed during the course of the beginning scene: the mosque is using modern techniques; it is using the loudspeaker, the microphone, so a lot of quite modern technology. Satellites are shown. Here the movie is not only supposing the ageing culture of Islam against the modern British culture of science and technology but goes further: it brings it together. There is an interchange going on here through what the viewer can hear (the singing of Nazir) and what he can see (the loudspeakers and satellites). By bringing these aspects together at the same time the fusion becomes immediately clear to the viewer. In another shot of the beginning scene the viewer observes the vivid life of the Muslim community that is taking place in the streets of the town. Even though one quickly might suggest that this shot might be just a fill-up it, in fact, goes further: the viewer here gets an impression of what the life in this Muslim community is like. The reason for that is that later in the film, after the 11th of September 2001, the same streets are depicted deserted, isolated, dead. Whereas the beginning scene expresses the successful integration of the Muslim tradition into the British society, the contrasting scene in the middle of the movie now stands for the failure of this coexistence, for the loss of community. The remarkable contrast of this two scenes is to illuminate Muslims increasing disenchantment with Western society[5] after the terror attacks. So it now comes clear that nothing in the movie is there without reason: showing a typical East-Asian community in a British town is not a fill-in but is a part of the whole effort of later showing a community being disrupted. Nothing in the movie is wasted. One of the most impressing returning scenes of the movie is Nazir singing in front of the microphone. Also this theme is introduced in the beginning scene: after watching the film the first time, the peaceful scene in the beginning immediately reminds the viewer to the very last scene in the movie, when Khalid, the father is putting in a tape into the recorder as an ersatz for the son. This final scene has a huge impact on the viewer since one here really realizes that Nazir has gone off and will not come back. It is therefore a really tragic little moment: it is emotional even though there is no actor playing the emotion. What is on the first glance less striking but not less important is that the image of the son singing comes back three times during the course of the movie; in the beginning, in the middle, and in the end. It runs through the film like a red thread: in the beginning it is, as said, introducing not only to the family? s religion but also to the family background itself. In the scene in the middle of the movie Nazir, before he starts, coughs as if he smoked too much. Since the viewer knows that he started â€Å"indulg(ing) in petty drug dealing and consorting with local girls[6], it seems as if he became corrupted by what he is doing with his life. His coughing therefore is again not without meaning but stands for Nazir? s life becoming more difficult to handle. The returning scene is a marker in the film and each time it means something different: in the beginning it is quite straight forward, in the middle it appears as a comment for what happened to Nazir and his life, and in the end it is tragic since he is gone and will never come back. So as a major thread throughout the movie the scene with the singing Nazir displays the different states the movie and its protagonists are currently in. A similar red thread s the theme of dressing and clothes that recurs throughout the film and, again, the theme is already introduced in the opening. By watching Yasmin changing her clothes hidden by one of the typical grey stone-walls one gets an impression of this girl transforming herself into another person. Yasmin makes an enormous effort of putting herself into the trousers, since they are really too tight. She tries hard to fit herse lf in, she even has to jump up and down. The connection is easy to make: this movie is about someone who tries to fit in with two different worlds, tries to force herself in. So here the choice of incredibly tight trousers simply indicate what Yasmin really wants: she wants to make herself fit. If something returns deliberately, a number of times, during the film it becomes a symbolic act: when Yasmin for example dresses up to revolt against her father later in the movie, it symbolizes Yasmin? s wish to break out, to be able to be herself. In the end of the film she switches to traditional Muslim clothes, since she is at this point of the movie staying in the side of the traditional. Here the clothes express how a religious thought became fixed and hardened. Dressing here becomes a signifier for her state of mind. Since it returns later in the movie several times it always tells the viewer something when it comes to clothes. So by following how the dressing in this movie changes throughout the plot one gets a neat impression of how the state of Yasmin’s mind changes with it. The clothes are never chosen without reason in Yasmin, there is an intention in every piece the actors wear. Even though it is just a little detail it strikes the viewer and is therefore very well-thought. So after Yasmin changed her clothes she turns over to her car and plays around with it: she locks and unlocks it with her remote control several times. This car is, as Yasmin later in the movie declares, not a ? t. p. car`, a ? typical paki-car`, but a sporty, feminine little cabriolet in an outstanding red. With this car, she wants to separate herself from those typical Pakistani people, and, even further, wants to declare her independence: â€Å"it gives her a life away from her husband and her home[7]. By buying this car she is able to show herself and everybody else that she is different, what makes it an act of almost deliberate despair. But on the other hand, by playing around with the car, she expresses her excitement. She does it simply because she can. This gives the viewer a sense of how she is playing with things she owns, how she creates the parts of the world around her she can control in the way she likes it. The motif also returns later in the movie, after 9/11: Yasmin gets in the car and there is a news report on the radio about the terror-attacks. Yasmin? s reaction is as playfully as in the beginning of the movie: she just puts a CD in, and listens to the music. She does simply not want to think about, does not want to care. The viewer gets an impression of the ambiguity of Yasmin? life, of how difficult it must be to live in two different worlds, to create her life successfully around the different expectations the people she deals with have of her. The last shot of the opening scene in the movie depicts this challenge in a deliberate way: it shows the long, small, winding road Yasmin has to take day by day to drive to work and back. This road is the connection of the two worlds she liv es in; it is a connecting thread between not only two different locations but two different worlds. Yasmin is having this journey – this transformation, this struggle – every day. By driving over this street she is migrating from one world to another and she has to transform herself before she is accomplished with the migration, since she changes her identity day by day. Furthermore the road is connecting the two different worlds as well as dividing them. That becomes clear through the visual impact of this shot: the road is crossing the whole screen and Yasmin and her little car have to follow its way through the landscape; it deliberately makes the viewer ask: how long will it take her? And how long will she stand this? The struggle of â€Å"balancing two separate worlds in quest to please (a) conservative family, without sacrificing the obvious advantages of the Western environment[8] is depicted as lovely and rich in detail in the movie Yasmin. It is the beautifully realised opening, entirely without dialogue for a good few minutes, (that) is the strongest part of the film[9] as it, as shown, already gives the whole of the movie, its main conflicts, themes and topics in miniature. Although this is a primarily visual scene, dialogue, if used in the movie, is very effectively— Not a scene, shot or speech is wasted. But the dialogue is used economically and not in the opening: it is a visual opening; in general, Yasmin is a visual movie. Every scene, every act, every piece of clothing has a meaning. As the director of the movie, Kenny Glenaan himself, says: obviously the beauty is what you can do within the frame and some people are amazing at doing that. [10] Bibliography Dilks, Richard, Yas min, in Close-Up Film, 2003, http://www. close-upfilm. com/reviews/y/yasmin. htm Docherty, Alan, Yasmin Kenny Glenaan, in Culture Wars, 2001, http://www. culturewars. org. uk/2004-02/yasmin. tm Glenaan, Kenny, in a BBC Interview, last updated in September 2004, http://www. bbc. co. uk/films/festivals/edinburgh/yasmin. shtml Jennigs, Tom, Tom Jennings’ essay on cinema representations of European Asians Muslims, 2005, http://libcom. org/library/ae-fond-kiss-dir-ken-loach-yasmin-dir-kenny-glenaan-head-dir-fatih-akin-film-review The Hindu Magazine, Being Asian, Muslim and British, Online edition of Indias National Newspaper, 2003, http://www. hindu. com/mag/2004/11/14/stories/2004111400270200. htm [ 1 ]. Docherty, Alan, Yasmin Kenny Glenaan, in Culture Wars, 2011, http://www. culturewars. org. uk/2004-02/yasmin. htm [ 2 ]. Docherty, Alan, Yasmin Kenny Glenaan, in Culture Wars, 2011, http://www. culturewars. org. uk/2004-02/yasmin. htm [ 3 ]. Docherty, Alan, Yasmin Kenny Glenaan, in Culture Wars, 2011, http://www. culturewars. org. uk/2004-02/yasmin. htm [ 4 ]. Dilks, Richard, Yasmin, in Close-Up Film, 2003, http://www. close-upfilm. com/reviews/y/yasmin. htm [ 5 ]. Docherty, Alan, Yasmin Kenny Glenaan, in Culture Wars, 2011, http://www. culturewars. org. uk/2004-02/yasmin. tm [ 6 ]. Jennigs, Tom, Tom Jennings’ essay on cinema representations of European Asians Muslims, 2005, http://libcom. org/library/ae-fond-kiss-dir-ken-loach-yasmin-dir-kenny-glenaan-head-dir-fatih-akin-film-review [ 7 ]. Dilks, Richard, Yasmin, in Close-Up Film, 2003, http://www. close-upfilm. com/reviews/y/yasmin. htm [ 8 ]. The Hindu Magazine, Being Asian, Muslim and British, Online edition of Indias National Newspaper, 2003, http://www. hindu. com/mag/2004/11/14/stories/2004111400270200. htm [ 9 ]. Dilks, Richard, Yasmin, in Close-Up Film, 2003, Movie Yasmin Essay Essay Example Movie Yasmin Essay Essay ‘Yasmin is remarkable as a film for its cinematic economy: not a scene, shot or speech is wasted. ’ Explore some elements of the film in relation to this statement. The movie Yasmin, released in 2004 and written by the highly acclaimed writer of The Full Monty, Simon Beaufoy, is an impressive drama about what it means to be an Asian-looking Muslim in Britain of the 21st Century. The story is about the young and vivid Yasmin, a woman who tries to succeed, by the skin of her teeth,[1] in the two worlds she grew up in. On the one hand there is her life at home with her believing father and rebellious little brother, for whom she has to mark time as a dutiful Muslim wife until her arranged marriage can be terminated. [2] On the other hand there is her life outside this domesticity, where she is like a fugitive, maintaining a double life as she changes into Western clothes, wins employee of month award at work and goes to the pub with colleagues. [3] One of the main topics of the movie is the difficult tension between being a religious and respectful woman and integrating into the Western society. We will write a custom essay sample on Movie Yasmin Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Movie Yasmin Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Movie Yasmin Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Another important theme in the movie is the impact that the terror attacks in September 2001 had on the British Asian community in Britain. Yasmin’s story therefore deals with a wide range of themes such as discrimination, guilt, and the progress of searching for one’s own identity. It is especially remarkable as a film for its cinematic economy (since) not a scene, shot or speech is wasted. There are no fill-ups in this movie, everything has a meaning. This essay will explore some carefully chosen scenes of the movie concerning its sometimes hidden or masked intention and meaning. It will therefore especially concentrate on the beginning scene, which is regarded as being the strongest part of the film[4]. A closer look at the opening of the film is worth it since every well composed novel or film is creating a deliberate relationship between the beginning and the rest of the movie. It will be examined in the following, that additionally in the case of Yasmin the directors develop a consistency, a pattern of the main themes of the film, in the beginning. Everything is already there in the very first three and a half minutes; things shown in the opening reappear later in the movie; conflicts the film deals with can already be assumed in moves, placements, and pictures. It will be proven that, if taken into account every detail, every shot of the scene, the viewer will already be able to see the whole film in miniature in the beginning. The essay will therefore also have a closer look on what is shown in the opening scene and will then search for coherences and connections throughout the rest of the movie. It will hereby not go through the scene chronologically but will pick up separate shots of it and put them together in categories; although it will start with the first shot to which the viewer is introduced in the movie. When Khalid, Yasmin? s father, lopes over a typical grey English street followed by Nazir, Yasmin? s brother, a few steps behind him, Nazir? s bearing strikes the viewer immediately: the way he creeps a few steps behind his father with the hands in his pockets expresses discouragement, maybe even irritation. He seems to be unhappy with the situation, possibly because it? s too early in the morning, since gentle beams of sunrise just touch the wall behind them; possibly because he dislikes the purpose of their walk. His father, however, hastens to raise this purpose: in his hurry he turns around to see where his son has got to. It becomes clear that it is the father who controls the situation— that he is the leader whom the son has to follow. So apart from the obvious, the authority person walking in front might tell the viewer something about the relation between father and son. One could even go further and suggest it might also tell something about their attitude towards life, about their religion, about the way the head of the family is treated in the Islam faith. The scene therefore implicates the parental respect of which is set value in this family. How important this topic is to Yasmin? s father Khalid becomes more and more clear during the course of the movie: he repeatedly calls for respect towards the parental authority over his children. When Yasmin is complaining about her husband and gives him humiliating names, Khalid reprehends her immediately and stresses his will with a slight slap. He even repudiates Yasmin when she dares to apply for a divorce against his will. So the viewer already gets in this very first scene, in the very first seconds, an initial impression of what domestic life in this family is about: about respect and family ties. The two move on and finally arrive at the mosque, which is gated by a metallic blind. After abandoning their shoes, Nazir and Khalid enter the interior of the mosque; and in doing so they pace over a formidable carpet in a remarkable red. It s admirable how strikingly this little scene influences the movie? s atmosphere: after the grey and dusty outside of the mosque with its bleak stone-walls and metallic blinds covering the entrance, the viewer now gets an impression of the inside; the colourful, bright, shining red carpet. The jump is a quiet astonishing little moment: the greyness outside opposes the bright shining colour of the huge carpet these seemingly little people are crossing (amplified by the way the scene is shot: with bird? eye view). Inside the mosque the viewer gets a sense of richness, a glimpse on the whole tradition, an idea about the Islam faith. The scene is not just remarkable because of its visual orchestration, but also in introducing the viewer to this huge and rich religion and the way it sees the world. Later in the beginning scene there is a shot that shows the grey and grim wall of a Yorkshire stone house in the front, again contrasted by the beautiful outlines of the colourful mosque in the background. The two absolutely different styles of architecture standing next to each other implicate a huge imagery: the mosque as a symbol for the tradition and a stonewall which symbolizes the here and now, indicates how the life of the Muslim people in Great Britain stands side by side with the traditional life of the British natives. This deliberate expression of a coexistence of the two traditions is an expression of crossing cultures at its best in this movie, and at this point of the movie it also stands for a successful integration of the Muslim tradition into the British society. This impression is furthermore stressed during the course of the beginning scene: the mosque is using modern techniques; it is using the loudspeaker, the microphone, so a lot of quite modern technology. Satellites are shown. Here the movie is not only supposing the ageing culture of Islam against the modern British culture of science and technology but goes further: it brings it together. There is an interchange going on here through what the viewer can hear (the singing of Nazir) and what he can see (the loudspeakers and satellites). By bringing these aspects together at the same time the fusion becomes immediately clear to the viewer. In another shot of the beginning scene the viewer observes the vivid life of the Muslim community that is taking place in the streets of the town. Even though one quickly might suggest that this shot might be just a fill-up it, in fact, goes further: the viewer here gets an impression of what the life in this Muslim community is like. The reason for that is that later in the film, after the 11th of September 2001, the same streets are depicted deserted, isolated, dead. Whereas the beginning scene expresses the successful integration of the Muslim tradition into the British society, the contrasting scene in the middle of the movie now stands for the failure of this coexistence, for the loss of community. The remarkable contrast of this two scenes is to illuminate Muslims increasing disenchantment with Western society[5] after the terror attacks. So it now comes clear that nothing in the movie is there without reason: showing a typical East-Asian community in a British town is not a fill-in but is a part of the whole effort of later showing a community being disrupted. Nothing in the movie is wasted. One of the most impressing returning scenes of the movie is Nazir singing in front of the microphone. Also this theme is introduced in the beginning scene: after watching the film the first time, the peaceful scene in the beginning immediately reminds the viewer to the very last scene in the movie, when Khalid, the father is putting in a tape into the recorder as an ersatz for the son. This final scene has a huge impact on the viewer since one here really realizes that Nazir has gone off and will not come back. It is therefore a really tragic little moment: it is emotional even though there is no actor playing the emotion. What is on the first glance less striking but not less important is that the image of the son singing comes back three times during the course of the movie; in the beginning, in the middle, and in the end. It runs through the film like a red thread: in the beginning it is, as said, introducing not only to the family? s religion but also to the family background itself. In the scene in the middle of the movie Nazir, before he starts, coughs as if he smoked too much. Since the viewer knows that he started â€Å"indulg(ing) in petty drug dealing and consorting with local girls[6], it seems as if he became corrupted by what he is doing with his life. His coughing therefore is again not without meaning but stands for Nazir? s life becoming more difficult to handle. The returning scene is a marker in the film and each time it means something different: in the beginning it is quite straight forward, in the middle it appears as a comment for what happened to Nazir and his life, and in the end it is tragic since he is gone and will never come back. So as a major thread throughout the movie the scene with the singing Nazir displays the different states the movie and its protagonists are currently in. A similar red thread s the theme of dressing and clothes that recurs throughout the film and, again, the theme is already introduced in the opening. By watching Yasmin changing her clothes hidden by one of the typical grey stone-walls one gets an impression of this girl transforming herself into another person. Yasmin makes an enormous effort of putting herself into the trousers, since they are really too tight. She tries hard to fit herse lf in, she even has to jump up and down. The connection is easy to make: this movie is about someone who tries to fit in with two different worlds, tries to force herself in. So here the choice of incredibly tight trousers simply indicate what Yasmin really wants: she wants to make herself fit. If something returns deliberately, a number of times, during the film it becomes a symbolic act: when Yasmin for example dresses up to revolt against her father later in the movie, it symbolizes Yasmin? s wish to break out, to be able to be herself. In the end of the film she switches to traditional Muslim clothes, since she is at this point of the movie staying in the side of the traditional. Here the clothes express how a religious thought became fixed and hardened. Dressing here becomes a signifier for her state of mind. Since it returns later in the movie several times it always tells the viewer something when it comes to clothes. So by following how the dressing in this movie changes throughout the plot one gets a neat impression of how the state of Yasmin’s mind changes with it. The clothes are never chosen without reason in Yasmin, there is an intention in every piece the actors wear. Even though it is just a little detail it strikes the viewer and is therefore very well-thought. So after Yasmin changed her clothes she turns over to her car and plays around with it: she locks and unlocks it with her remote control several times. This car is, as Yasmin later in the movie declares, not a ? t. p. car`, a ? typical paki-car`, but a sporty, feminine little cabriolet in an outstanding red. With this car, she wants to separate herself from those typical Pakistani people, and, even further, wants to declare her independence: â€Å"it gives her a life away from her husband and her home[7]. By buying this car she is able to show herself and everybody else that she is different, what makes it an act of almost deliberate despair. But on the other hand, by playing around with the car, she expresses her excitement. She does it simply because she can. This gives the viewer a sense of how she is playing with things she owns, how she creates the parts of the world around her she can control in the way she likes it. The motif also returns later in the movie, after 9/11: Yasmin gets in the car and there is a news report on the radio about the terror-attacks. Yasmin? s reaction is as playfully as in the beginning of the movie: she just puts a CD in, and listens to the music. She does simply not want to think about, does not want to care. The viewer gets an impression of the ambiguity of Yasmin? life, of how difficult it must be to live in two different worlds, to create her life successfully around the different expectations the people she deals with have of her. The last shot of the opening scene in the movie depicts this challenge in a deliberate way: it shows the long, small, winding road Yasmin has to take day by day to drive to work and back. This road is the connection of the two worlds she liv es in; it is a connecting thread between not only two different locations but two different worlds. Yasmin is having this journey – this transformation, this struggle – every day. By driving over this street she is migrating from one world to another and she has to transform herself before she is accomplished with the migration, since she changes her identity day by day. Furthermore the road is connecting the two different worlds as well as dividing them. That becomes clear through the visual impact of this shot: the road is crossing the whole screen and Yasmin and her little car have to follow its way through the landscape; it deliberately makes the viewer ask: how long will it take her? And how long will she stand this? The struggle of â€Å"balancing two separate worlds in quest to please (a) conservative family, without sacrificing the obvious advantages of the Western environment[8] is depicted as lovely and rich in detail in the movie Yasmin. It is the beautifully realised opening, entirely without dialogue for a good few minutes, (that) is the strongest part of the film[9] as it, as shown, already gives the whole of the movie, its main conflicts, themes and topics in miniature. Although this is a primarily visual scene, dialogue, if used in the movie, is very effectively— Not a scene, shot or speech is wasted. But the dialogue is used economically and not in the opening: it is a visual opening; in general, Yasmin is a visual movie. Every scene, every act, every piece of clothing has a meaning. As the director of the movie, Kenny Glenaan himself, says: obviously the beauty is what you can do within the frame and some people are amazing at doing that. [10] Bibliography Dilks, Richard, Yas min, in Close-Up Film, 2003, http://www. close-upfilm. com/reviews/y/yasmin. htm Docherty, Alan, Yasmin Kenny Glenaan, in Culture Wars, 2001, http://www. culturewars. org. uk/2004-02/yasmin. tm Glenaan, Kenny, in a BBC Interview, last updated in September 2004, http://www. bbc. co. uk/films/festivals/edinburgh/yasmin. shtml Jennigs, Tom, Tom Jennings’ essay on cinema representations of European Asians Muslims, 2005, http://libcom. org/library/ae-fond-kiss-dir-ken-loach-yasmin-dir-kenny-glenaan-head-dir-fatih-akin-film-review The Hindu Magazine, Being Asian, Muslim and British, Online edition of Indias National Newspaper, 2003, http://www. hindu. com/mag/2004/11/14/stories/2004111400270200. htm [ 1 ]. Docherty, Alan, Yasmin Kenny Glenaan, in Culture Wars, 2011, http://www. culturewars. org. uk/2004-02/yasmin. htm [ 2 ]. Docherty, Alan, Yasmin Kenny Glenaan, in Culture Wars, 2011, http://www. culturewars. org. uk/2004-02/yasmin. htm [ 3 ]. Docherty, Alan, Yasmin Kenny Glenaan, in Culture Wars, 2011, http://www. culturewars. org. uk/2004-02/yasmin. htm [ 4 ]. Dilks, Richard, Yasmin, in Close-Up Film, 2003, http://www. close-upfilm. com/reviews/y/yasmin. htm [ 5 ]. Docherty, Alan, Yasmin Kenny Glenaan, in Culture Wars, 2011, http://www. culturewars. org. uk/2004-02/yasmin. tm [ 6 ]. Jennigs, Tom, Tom Jennings’ essay on cinema representations of European Asians Muslims, 2005, http://libcom. org/library/ae-fond-kiss-dir-ken-loach-yasmin-dir-kenny-glenaan-head-dir-fatih-akin-film-review [ 7 ]. Dilks, Richard, Yasmin, in Close-Up Film, 2003, http://www. close-upfilm. com/reviews/y/yasmin. htm [ 8 ]. The Hindu Magazine, Being Asian, Muslim and British, Online edition of Indias National Newspaper, 2003, http://www. hindu. com/mag/2004/11/14/stories/2004111400270200. htm [ 9 ]. Dilks, Richard, Yasmin, in Close-Up Film, 2003,